Politically Exposed Person (PEP): A senior political or government official whose accounts require enhanced AML measures.

Politically Exposed Person (PEP)

A senior political or government official whose accounts require enhanced AML measures.

Definition

PCMLTFA distinguishes: foreign PEPs (heads of state, senior government, judicial, military officials outside Canada), domestic PEPs (equivalent Canadian officials), heads of international organizations (HIOs), and the family members and close associates of all three categories. For foreign PEPs and HIOs, the dealer must obtain senior management approval before opening or continuing to service the account, take reasonable measures to establish the source of wealth, and conduct enhanced ongoing monitoring. For domestic PEPs, a risk-based approach applies - enhanced measures are required if the dealer determines the relationship poses a high risk.

Source

PCMLTFA Regulations s.9.3-9.4; FINTRAC Guideline 6G

Where this shows up on the CIRE

Outcome 6.1

Test yourself

Two real CIRE-bank questions on this exact outcome. Click to reveal the answer and the rule citation.

1
Under the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act, a financial entity that receives cash in a single transaction of $10,000 or more must file which type of report?
Outcome 6.1 · click for answer
A.An Unusual Transaction Report filed with the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions
B.A Large Cash Transaction Report filed with FINTRAC within the prescribed reporting timeframeCorrect
C.A Currency Transaction Report filed with the Canada Revenue Agency for tax purposes
D.A Suspicious Transaction Report filed with CIRO as the market conduct regulator
The PCMLTFA requires reporting entities to submit a Large Cash Transaction Report to FINTRAC when they receive cash of $10,000 or more in a single transaction, or two or more transactions totalling $10,000 or more within 24 consecutive hours that the entity knows or suspects are related. The report goes to FINTRAC, Canada's financial intelligence unit, not to CIRO, the CRA, or OSFI. This $10,000 threshold is a well-established and well-publicized compliance benchmark.
2
A Participant's trader has specific knowledge that a client is about to submit a large buy order for 500,000 shares of a small-cap company that will likely move the price significantly. Before entering the client's order, the trader buys 20,000 shares in the firm's principal account. Which UMIR provision does this most directly violate?
Outcome 6.1 · click for answer
A.UMIR 4.1(1)(a), frontrunning a known client order by trading the principal account firstCorrect
B.UMIR 2.2(2)(b), ramping through a pattern of successive purchases meant to inflate price
C.UMIR 5.3(1), client priority requiring principal orders to yield to resting client orders
D.UMIR 10.16, a gatekeeper failure from not pre-clearing the principal trade with supervision
UMIR 4.1(1)(a) prohibits a Participant with specific knowledge of a client order that could reasonably be expected to affect the market price from entering a principal or non-client order in the same security (or a related security or derivative) before the client order is entered. Trading the firm's own account ahead of a known client order that will move the price is classic frontrunning. Client priority under UMIR 5.3 is a related but distinct obligation addressing trading alongside an existing client order at the same price, not pre-empting it before entry. Ramping under 2.2(2)(b) targets a pattern of successive purchases meant to artificially inflate price, not a single anticipatory trade ahead of client flow. There is no standalone "gatekeeper" rule at 10.16 requiring pre-clearance of principal trades against pending client orders.

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